What safety precautions should be taken when using a CO₂ fire extinguisher to avoid injury or damage?

Before using a CO₂ fire extinguisher, ensure that the environment has sufficient ventilation. CO₂ works by displacing oxygen to extinguish fires, and in a confined or poorly ventilated space, this displacement can lead to a dangerous drop in oxygen levels. Prolonged exposure to reduced oxygen levels may result in dizziness, shortness of breath, or even unconsciousness. To mitigate these risks, always assess the space's ventilation before use. In confined spaces such as server rooms, storage areas, or laboratories, evacuate the area immediately after using the extinguisher, and ensure that fresh air is circulated to restore safe oxygen levels. Additionally, if a large fire is present, it’s critical to ventilate the area properly to prevent the buildup of CO₂ and maintain safe air quality.

When operating a CO₂ fire extinguisher, maintaining an appropriate distance from the fire is essential. Most CO₂ extinguishers are designed to release gas with a range of 3 to 8 feet, depending on the model. The nozzle should be directed at the base of the fire, as this is where the heat is concentrated. Getting too close can expose you to the cold discharge and increase the risk of personal injury. Also, standing too far away may not effectively suppress the fire, as the CO₂ gas could disperse too quickly. By keeping the right distance, you maximize the efficiency of the extinguisher while maintaining personal safety.

CO₂ is a gas that discharges at an extremely low temperature—around -78.5°C (-109.3°F)—which can cause serious injuries, such as frostbite or cold burns, if it comes into contact with your skin or eyes. As a precaution, always wear protective gear, including heavy-duty gloves and safety goggles or a full-face shield, to safeguard yourself. The gloves should be insulated to protect against the extreme cold of the CO₂ nozzle, while goggles or face shields will protect the eyes from accidental exposure to the freezing gas or debris from the fire. These simple measures can help reduce the risk of injury when handling the extinguisher.

CO₂ is a colorless, odorless gas that can cause asphyxiation if inhaled in large quantities, especially in confined spaces. CO₂ can quickly displace oxygen, making it dangerous to breathe directly from the nozzle or in areas with insufficient ventilation. Always be mindful of your breathing and avoid inhaling the CO₂ discharge. When using the extinguisher, ensure that you are standing at a safe distance and facing the open air, not pointing the nozzle directly at your face or body. If you are working in a confined or enclosed space, evacuate the area immediately after discharging the extinguisher and wait for the air to clear. It’s essential to work in environments where the oxygen content is properly maintained to avoid suffocation risks.

CO₂ exits the fire extinguisher at a rapid speed and very low temperature, which can result in cold burns or frostbite. Never touch the nozzle during discharge, and avoid placing your hands or body in direct contact with the gas as it is expelled. To handle the extinguisher safely, always grip the handle, keeping your hands clear of the nozzle and any discharge areas. Additionally, make sure that bystanders or colleagues maintain a safe distance from the extinguisher while it’s in use to prevent any accidental exposure to the cold discharge.